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Home → Cameras and Lenses

Using Nikon DX Lenses on FX Cameras

By Francois Malan 134 Comments
Last Updated On April 25, 2020

Because the glass elements in a camera lens are round, lenses project a circular image onto a camera’s sensor plane. This projected image circle must be large enough to cover the rectangular sensor, like so:

FX Image Circle

Lenses designed for Nikon DX generally project a smaller image circle because they only need to cover the smaller DX sensor. This enables a DX lens to be smaller and lighter, but also means that these lenses are not suitable, by design, for FX cameras. For the Canon ecosystem this law is absolute, as EF-S lenses, designed for a smaller APS-C size sensor, cannot be mounted on full frame EF bodies.

The great thing about Nikon is that they do their best to offer backward compatibility. Mounting DX lenses on FX bodies has always been possible, with the FX DSLR automatically cropping the image frame to only output the area covered by the DX sensor.

DX Image Circle

Additionally, you can set the camera to output the full FX frame regardless of the mounted lens, by accessing Shooting Menu -> Image Area -> Auto DX crop -> OFF.

You might expect this to spell trouble with DX lenses because of extreme vignetting. Indeed this is what one sees when mounting many types of dedicated DX lens, espsecially zooms, on FX bodies. Here is an example of what you see with a Nikon 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G DX VR lens on a Nikon FX camera (single frame from a HD video sequence recorded with a Nikon D600):

Nikon 18-200mm on FX

The bad news is that high quality FX lenses like Nikon’s golden “trinity” are intimidatingly expensive, big and heavy.

The good news is that not all DX lenses behave as you might expect. Two DX lenses that I dearly love are my Nikon 35mm f/1.8G DX and my Tokina 11-16mm f/2.8 AT-X Pro DX. These two represent the best of DX as they are small, fast, light and affordable, yet still perform excellently. What many owners may not know is that both of these lenses cover the full FX frame circle!

Nikon 35mm f/1.8G DX on FX

Until recently, the only fast modern 35mm lens that Nikon offered for FX was the expensive professional 35mm f/1.4G prime. With the recent announcement of the 35mm f/1.8G ED the situation has improved a lot from the affordability perspective. Yet the 35mm f/1.8G DX is the most affordable still, and one of Nikon’s most popular lenses to date – for a reason!

How can you expect it to perform on FX? I was pleasantly surprised. As expected, FX corner performance is nothing to write home about, and some noticeable vignetting is visible. However at larger apertures (larger than F8) the vignetting is bearable. Large aperture prime lenses are often used to draw attention to a single object, and then corner sharpness is seldom crucial. Vignetting may be aesthetically pleasing, and can be corrected to some extent. The center performance remains impressive, as this is what the lens has been designed for.

This little 35mm’s small size makes it unobtrusive and truly portable – especially desirable qualities for street photography. 35mm counts as moderate wide angle on FX which allows for just a bit more flexibility in creating interesting compositions compared to a 50mm “normal” lens.

Here are some examples:

Nikon 35mm f/1.8G DX at f/1.8
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 100, 1/400, f/1.8

35mm f/1.8G DX at f/1.8 (straight from .NEF – distortion and vignetting not corrected)

Nikon 35mm f/1.8G DX at f/5.6
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 200, 1/80, f/5.6

35mm f/1.8G DX at f/5.6 (straight from .NEF – distortion and vignetting not corrected)

In my opinion these photographs are quite usable. With some vignetting correction in Adobe Lightroom, the photo at f/2.8 looks as follows – compare it to the supplied photo taken with the large Nikon 24-70mm f/2.8G ED – one of Nikon’s professional FX “trinity” lenses.

Both photographs below were taken at 35mm f/2.8, but which was taken with which lens? At a casual glance these photographs are hard to tell apart – the top photograph was taken with the 35mm f/1.8, while the bottom photograph was taken with the 24-70mm f/2.8.

Nikon 35mm f/1.8G DX at f/2.8
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 100, 1/160, f/2.8
Nikon 24-70mm f/2.8G at f/2.8
NIKON D600 + 24-70mm f/2.8 @ 35mm, ISO 100, 1/200, f/2.8

Even zooming in to 100% pixel-level detail shows little difference, as the corners are out of focus anyway (in both cases, the 35mm f/1.8 is on the left):

Side by side 35mm Center

Side by side 35mm Corner

Caveat: starting at f/5.6, and especially at longer distances, the smaller image circle does become visible. With decreasing apertures, vignetting increases in the extreme corners. Personally I mainly use fast prime lenses at large to medium apertures, so this need not be a problem. Be aware, however, that in very bright light without using an ND filter this lens will becomes less usable as you will have to resort to smaller apertures. This makes the 35mm f/1.8 DX lens great for street photography, but less so for e.g. studio work where depth of field needs is attained by smaller apertures.

Uncorrected image with focal point at infinity, f/5.6. Here vignetting is already becoming intrusive:

35mm f/5.6 Uncorrected
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 100, 1/500, f/5.6

At f/22, vignetting is very clearly defined (just as the dust on my Nikon D600’s sensor):

35mm f/22 Uncorrected
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 280, 1/80, f/22.0

Uncorrected image with close focal point, f/5.6. At this closer focal distance vignetting is much less pronounced than at infinity, and not as intrusive:

35mm close f/5.6 Uncorrected
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 320, 1/80, f/5.6

At f/22, vignetting is again clearly defined, but less severe than at longer focal distances:

35mm Close f/22 Uncorrected
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 5000, 1/80, f/22.0

Tokina 11-16mm f/2.8 AT-X Pro DX

The other lens that I want to talk about is the Tokina 11-16mm f/2.8. Regarded as one of the best ultra-wide-angle lenses for DX, it has the same performance on DX as a 16-24mm f/4.0 lens would have on an FX body. But what happens when you put it on an FX body?

At 11mm the vignetting is rather extreme:

Tokina 11-16 @ 11mm
NIKON D600 + 11-16mm f/2.8 @ 11mm, ISO 100, 1/250, f/2.8

At 15mm the vignetting starts to disappear:

Tokina 11-16 @ 15mm
NIKON D600 + 11-16mm f/2.8 @ 15mm, ISO 100, 1/200, f/2.8

As we zoom in to 16mm, vignetting becomes less and less of an issue, up to the point where there is almost no visible vignetting any more at 16mm f/2.8:

Tokina 11-16 @ 16mm
NIKON D600 + 11-16mm f/2.8 @ 16mm, ISO 100, 1/200, f/2.8

The corners can be improved by stopping down – here the extreme right-hand edge is shown at 15mm f/2.8 (left) versus 15mm f/5.6 (right):

Tokina 11-16mm @ 15mm Edge

The corner performance is noticeably degraded compared to dedicated FX lenses, but if you are willing to live with this you have a very affordable ultra wide angle lens for an FX camera, usable up to 15mm at an aperture of f/2.8! Keep in mind that the only other lenses that come close are the Tokina 16-28mm f/2.8 Pro FX or the excellent, but much more expensive Nikon 14-24mm f/2.8G ED.

Conclusion

In this post I showed you how to use two very different but popular DX lenses for something they were never meant to do. But against all odds, these lenses are surprisingly adept at their job and will be able to give you great creative potential without adding much in the way of cost. This is especially attractive for amateur photographers taking the leap from DX to FX.

If you can live with the limitations of such a set-up, at least your DX lenses may have some use before you fully move to FX. With them you can still enjoy the better low-light performance, brighter viewfinders and more control over depth of field that FX offers.

Do you know of any other DX lenses that work well on FX? We’d love to hear about it in the comments.

Some examples of the 35mm f/1.8, from the streets of Trento, Italy:

35mm f/1.8G Sample #1
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 2500, 1/80, f/1.8
35mm f/1.8G Sample #2
NIKON D600 + 35mm f/1.8 @ 35mm, ISO 900, 1/80, f/1.8

Some examples of the Tokina 11-16mm f/2.8, from the streets of Trento, Italy:

Tokina 11-16mm Sample #1
NIKON D600 + 11-16mm f/2.8 @ 16mm, ISO 250, 1/30, f/2.8
Tokina 11-16mm Sample #2
NIKON D600 + 11-16mm f/2.8 @ 16mm, ISO 1400, 1/30, f/4.0
Tokina 11-16mm Sample #2
NIKON D600 + 11-16mm f/2.8 @ 16mm, ISO 280, 1/30, f/2.8

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Filed Under: Cameras and Lenses Tagged With: Nikon, Nikon DX, Nikon FX, Tokina

About Francois Malan

Francois is a freelance event photographer based in the Netherlands. Born and raised in South Africa, his professional background is in medical image processing.

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prash42
prash42
September 11, 2018 2:40 pm

Very interesting article for me, even though Francois wrote this over 4 years back. I have a DX body (several years old) and two of the DX lenses mentioned: 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G DX VR, and 35mm f/1.8G DX.
Over the past few years, I’ve been separately interested in both FX and mirrorless, but assumed either would make my DX lenses useless. Now with the Nikon Z6, a simultaneous leap to full-frame and mirrorless seems possible! Can I use my DX lenses on the Z6 body (with FTZ adapter), and avoid getting new Z-mount lenses?

2
Reply
John
John
Reply to  prash42
October 12, 2018 7:57 pm

I am in the same boat and interested to know how my DX lenses will work with z6 + FTZ.

0
Reply
YEVGENIY ARKHANGELSKI
YEVGENIY ARKHANGELSKI
Reply to  John
October 3, 2020 10:35 am

I tried Sigma DC 17-50mm 1:2.8 EX HSM on Nikon Z6 with FTZ adaptor. Vignetting is neglectable, but i had to rely on the lens VR only. In body image stabilization didn’t work.

0
Reply
JMC
JMC
Reply to  prash42
November 24, 2018 8:20 pm

Dx Nikkor lenses as well as Dx formatted Sigmas work on the Z6. It auto crops the low/wide range to avoid the vignetting, you can turn that off (via menus) if you want to crop it yourself. so my 17-50 Sigma f/2.8 is more like a 25-50… but that is fine (low light auto with this lens is slow/inconsistent.. how well Auto focus works on carious Dx lens is specific to that lens… some do well, others not so much…

0
Reply
jumechi
jumechi
December 31, 2020 7:40 am

What does with the FF sensor area where vignetting occurs (keep black) in comparison to the image area (receiving light) if prolonged use of DX lenses?

0
Reply
jumechi
jumechi
Reply to  jumechi
December 31, 2020 7:48 am

What does ***happen*** in terms of possible damage…

0
Reply
Silvester, Ron
Silvester, Ron
Reply to  jumechi
December 31, 2020 8:36 am

Nothing detrimental. Just frame it out – the dark corners.

Ron S

0
Reply
jumechi
jumechi
Reply to  Silvester, Ron
January 3, 2021 5:25 pm

Thanks for your answer

0
Reply
Mike Peila
Mike Peila
May 21, 2020 10:15 am

Using a Nikon D750 and selecting 1.2 Crop factor (16mb), the nikkor dx 10-20mm and dx 35mm f/1.8g performance improves and will produce 300+ dpi 11″x14″ prints. If interested in matching mexapixels to print performance, see this Thom Hogan article: www.dslrbodies.com/camer…print.html

0
Reply
Louis Razzano
Louis Razzano
December 22, 2019 10:11 am

Please subscribe me to your site–I was not able to subscribe from your website

0
Reply
Bill Sproul
Bill Sproul
July 9, 2019 9:17 pm

I just bought a D750, have a large number of DX lenses for my D7000 incl a Sigma 10-20mm f3.5
I wasn’t aware of the fact that some DX lenses work the way described, and I’m quite excited to try them out tomorrow, disabling the auto crop DX function. I’ve been using Nikons since the late 1970s and have a nice collection of old AI lenses (manual focus, full frame) that work fine on the D750 in Aperture priority, but now I find manual focusing a bit of a pain (yet it didn’t bother me back in the 1980s and 1990s). I was somewhat resigned to the fact that I’d have to use them a lot, rather than the autofocusing DX lenses. The prospect of spending thousands on new FX lenses is a bit depressing, but I’ll buy a few over time. Thank you for writing this great article, it is encouraging. I will likely use the DX lenses on the D750 sometimes, just to clarify, does that give me the 1.5X effect on the FX camera? I think it does.

0
Reply
Chris Waddell
Chris Waddell
Reply to  Bill Sproul
July 10, 2019 3:15 am

Yes, with your D750 in auto DX mode, your old DX lenses will have the equivalent focal length & depth of field of a lens that is 1.5 time the stated values on the lens.

Be aware though that the area of the sensor being used will be vastly reduced. There is also to shoot in 1.2x crop mode, which may allow more of your DX lenses to be used.

The following information about the D750 cop mode resolutions is courtesy of Amature Photographer Magazine…

D750 also has a 1.5x DX Crop mode as well as a 1.2x Crop Mode. Utilising the former reduces the image size to 3936×2624 pixels (a resolution of 10.3-million-pixels), whereas the 1.2x crop mode has the effect of reducing the resolution to 16.7 million-pixels from 24.3 million pixels, with a maximum image size of 5008x3336pixels.
Read more at www.amateurphotographer.co.uk/revie…KKylEP4.99

0
Reply
Vladimir
Vladimir
June 23, 2019 7:44 am

Tokina 50-135 F 2.8 else work at 135 mm

0
Reply
Raymond
Raymond
June 13, 2019 9:44 am

Hi David,

Today I have shot with the DX 35mm f1.8 mounted on my D850. I was blown away by the outstanding image quality of this cheapest Nikon lens.

I did use the vignetting control setting at normal at the D850. That’s all. The was no lens vignetting at all in the images, and the test images are razor sharp after. I performed autofocus finetuning with DX 35mm f1.8 mounted at the D850 and the results where perfect!

I bought the DX 35mm f1.8 years ago with my D7200 but left it most of the time attached to my D7200, which I even use from time to time for my professional work.

Now that I experienced the DX 35mm f1.8 on the D850, I will use this lens as I’m shooting the Milky Way next month to see how it performs.

0
Reply
Hamed
Hamed
Reply to  Raymond
September 6, 2020 2:16 pm

Hi Raymond,

How was the result of the combination of 35mm DX lens on D850 for Milky Way?

0
Reply
G
G
May 11, 2019 12:55 am

Having z6 and 12-24DX. Please how did you switch off the auto crop by the menu? I sound rally interested, thanks

0
Reply
Pavel
Pavel
November 12, 2018 11:09 pm

Hi guys,

a question , as you say the lens are working from 19mm are those ones from FX perspective, as you would have FX lens on FX body, or like if you have lens and put it on a crop factor. Should do now some interiours shot and worriying that 14mm for FX prime would be too wide and distorting. So something about 20mm might be perfect for the job. In that regard, which lens might work well? Will be tripodded so low F number is not a problem + bracketing. Thanks.

0
Reply
Tord S. Eriksson
Tord S. Eriksson
May 19, 2018 3:24 am

Francois,
Very pedagogic and educational!
Keep up the good work!
—–
I shoot quite a lot with DX lenses on FX, and those I use need very little cropping to get rid of the vignetting.
The three I use most are:
The Sigma 30/1.4 Art — a delightful little lens, but not the lightest there is!
The Nikon 40/2.8 micro — small, compact, and a little wonder. And light! My ‘normal’ lens!
The Nikon 85/3.5 VR micro — a very light lens that has a very nice bokeh, thus ideal for portraits. It does vignette more than the other two.
A couple more:
AF-P 70-300 DX VR — very sharp, very light, very fast focusing, but vignettes in the wide end.
The AF-P 18-55 DX VR — excellent, super fast focusing, but the lens shade vignettes a lot in the wide end, when used on an FX body.

Being a Nikon 1 enthusiast, using any FX, or DX, lens, on a Nikon 1 body, is a non-issue! If it is compatible (not all are, sadly).

0
Reply

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